Combined piston and ring.



B. (I. WHITE.

COMBINED PISTON AND RING.

APPLlc/u'mn FILED 00.25.1911.

Lgg Patented Dec. 3, 1918,

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Specification oltetters Patent.

Applicatioatlel Uctohei 525. 1917. V ySerial No. mdti'i.`

To all 'whom it may r'omern: l

Be it known that, BENJAMIN 0. l'ilmrn a citizen of the United Staten,reeiding-` at Indianapolis1 in the county oi ltllarion and State ofindiana, have invented certain new tons and Rings, of which thefollowing is a specification.

Tine invention relates to a plston and its aseociated piston-rings foruse inthe cylinders of enginesojl all types, but which are particularlyadapted 'for use in coniiection with the cylinders of internalcombustion engines, where piston and piston-ringe are subjectedtoextremely high and frequent impulsen ot energy exerted through theresult of the explosion of `succesaire charger,` of gas, this resultingrin premature Wearing down of the pieton-rings and resulting in acorresponding loss et power.

The object ofthe present invention consiate in the provision ot a pistonand its associated piston-rings together with certain mennel adapted' toconstantly exert pressure in a given direction for expanding andkeepingn the peripheries of the piston-rings conn staii'tly in contactwith the inner peripheral Wall'o the engine cylinder, the arrangnnnentbeing such that` any sudden increase ot eng ergy exerted 'against theend of the pieton for accelerating the movement of the latter.r causedby the explosion of the chartres` oli' gas, or any Sudden retardation inthe travel ot' the piston, will have a teinlency to expand and morefirmly hold `the outer peripheries ot the rings-against the adjacentperipheral wall ot the cylinder, thereby ovi-n'colning any decrease indiameter ot' the ring through wear, whereby the working parte areenabled to render eiiicient service for a greattn length ot' time.

l accomplissh the above objects ot the invention and such others asjipayappear from a` perusal of the epeeilicatiti and claims-i; by means of'the construction i lustrated in the accompanyingl drawings, 'forming apart hei-cot, in which l Figure 1 is a view partly in eide elevation andpartiy in Section ot a piet-on and its: aesoeiated rings, showing myinvention in operative position. Fig. 2 ie a crees Section on the line2-2 Yin liig. l. Fig. 3 ie a top or plan view ot an eceentrically formedpressurering.

Referring to the drawings, l() representa a common type of pietonemployed in cylin ders for internal combustion engines9 which piston ieprovided in its periphery with a plurality of annularly entiendirlnVgrooves; into which the pieton-rings are Seated in the usual manner. Thenumber of these grooves in a given type of pistone may vary, thisbeingdetermined by the designer or manufacturer, and in thie` instancel' have arbitrarily selected three in nuinlmr` in which two ofgrooveefll and l2 are 4located near the free end ot piston l() andtheremaining groove i3 near the opposite end ot' the pierv and lnto.groeven ll', l2 and 13 respectively.

rThe wall of 1roove 1l toward thefre'e end of the pistoin'isrundercut toprovide an annularly extending; channel '19 having parallel inclined w:lls 2() disposed toward the longri tud inal axis of pieton 10. llntochannel lfl elined Surfaces eng-airing the correspondingly shapedadjacent Walls 2() of channel 419 will cause pressurea'inrr to shifttoward and tightly inipinge the adjacent Surface of piston-ring lll.This z lditional outwardly eX erted pressure applied fto pie-touringifiwill hold the latter in an expanded condition with its; outerperipheral surface tightly against the adjacent internal Wall ot thecylinder, thereby not only preventing` leakage between the outerperiphery ot pieton-ainaI Al-iland the cylinder wall, but leakagebetween the pietonring' and pressore-rinp; and between the latter andthe :uljacentavalle .20 o'l channel 19. ne the tendency ot wear on theperil'ihery ot' piston-ring;l jl-l is to reduce its diameter thisovercome through the Further expanding` of the latter, no that a tightjoint in vconstantly maintained between pieton-ring! i4 and adjacentwall of the cylinder. Groove 'l2 ia provided with a side,cl1annel 30which serves the Sarno pnrposse as channel i9, eX- pt that the walls 3lof the. latter are cut on parallel planes at right angles; to the sur-'ace planes ot' the Walle QG ot groove i9, and "into channel l insert apressured-ingar 252. The direction o'l" the pitch in which channelsPatented Dee/3. Mill @.l

'toit Piston rings" 14;" 15 and 1,6 are of tho Split type and aresprang; over piston l() llt) 19 and 30 are cut causespressure-rings V22livered against either end of piston 10.

Pressure-rings 22 and 32 also serve the purpose of effectively holding'pistonaings 14 and 15 against the adjacent Walls of grooves 11 and 12and prevent rattling noises-- commonly known as slapping-Whicli noisesare ofttimes erroneously attributed to lost motion in ,the connectionsbetween the ends of thc connecting-rods and pistons and crank-shaft ofthe engine. i

While I have described my invention with more or less niinuteness asAregards details of construction and arrangement and as being embodiedyin certain precise forms, I do not desire to be limited thereto undulyor any more than is pointed out in the claims.

On the lcontrary, I contemplate all proper changes in form, constructionand arrangew ment, the omission of immaterial elements and thesubstitution of equivalents as circumstances may suggest or as necessitymay render expedient. i

I claim:

1. As an article of manufacture, a piston having a plurality of annularpiston-ring grooves and having obliquelyl arranged communicatingchannels disposed toward said grooves, piston-rings arranged. in saidgrooves, and means arranged in said cli'annels for exerting pressureagainst the oppositesides of the rings for expanding 'the latter againstthe adjacent Wall of the cylinder.

2. As an article of manufacture, a piston having a plurality of annularpiston-ring grooves and having obliquely arranged ann nularcommunicating channels disposed toward said grooves, piston-rings Seatedin said grooves, and pressure-rings having oblique sides arranged insaid communicating channels for impinging and exerting pressure againstthe opposite sides of the rings sustaining the peripheries of the ringsagainst the adjacent wall of the cylinder.

In Witness whereof, Iliave hereunto s et iny hand and seal atIndianapolis, Indiana,

this 19th day of October, A. Dl one tliousand nine hundred andseventeen.

BENJAMIN O. WHITE. (L. 5.1

